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Country :
Nepal
Capital :
Kathmandu
Area :
1,47,181 Sq. Km.
Population :
23 Million
Geographic Location :
Longitude - 80° 4' East - 88° 12' East
Latitude - 26° 22' North - 30° 27' NorthClimate :
Tropical, Sub-Tropical, and Cold
Political system :
Federal Democratic Republic System
National Language :
Nepali.
Nepal is a small, independent, beautiful and mountainous country, situated in the continent of Asia between the People’s Republic of China and India. It covered an area of 147,181 square kilometers with the population of about 40 millions. Nepal is the homeland of world famous Gurkhas and the country of Great Himalayas. Nine out of the ten highest mountains in the world are situated in Nepal including the Everest, which is 8848 meters above the sea level, is the highest point on earth.Nepal started to provide manpower to overseas countries since the eighteenth century. History shows that the British hired Nepalese Gurkhas to join their military forces and established the first Gurkhas Regiment in 1814. Since then Britain and India have regularly recruiting thousands of Nepalese Gurkhas every year for their special Gurkhas Regiments. The brave Gurkhas were awarded many medals including Victoria Cross and have continued to enjoy highest reputation for their vigour and quality all over the world.About 80% of the total population of Nepal depend upon farming and it is the only source of their income. But being a mountainous country, there is very little land in Nepal that is fertile for the purpose of agriculture. So, due to unemployment in the country, the Nepalese government has granted approval to foreign employment maintaining due process through the concerned agencies or organization to provide necessary manpower to the foreign countryThe Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu welcomes visitors into the country and an additional 47 airports make getting around Nepal relatively easy, despite its rugged and mountainous terrain that makes some of the more remote virtually impossible to reach by road. Nepal Airlines is the official air carrier of the country, with a fleet consisting of two Boeing B-757s and seven DHC-6 Twin Otter aircraft. The railway network in Nepal is rather sparse, with the main line running between Janakpur and Jainagar, a town close to the border of India. A rail link between Nepal and Lhasa in Tibet, China is under consideration for future development.Location. Geography& ClimateNepal, home to Mount Everest, is dominated by the world’s most imposing mountains. Although the country is relatively small (147,181 square kilometers), 80 percent of its territory is occupied by the dramatic peaks of the Himalayas. Nepal was closed to foreign visitors untilled 1951,a situation which contributed greatly to its mystique in the west. This small, hospitable country has since become an exceptionally popular destination for travelers, whether they are in search of climbing challenges or spiritual enlightenment.
Nepal can be divided into three geographical regions, each stretching from east to west across the country. The southernmost strip of land, the Terai, is bordered to the north by Himalayan foothills and to the south by the Ganges River. The area was originally covered with tropical vegetation, but has been almost completely converted to agricultural production. The terai is now the breadbasket of Nepal and is covered with farms. The central section of Nepal is formed by the Mahabharata Chain, a range of mountains that reach modest altitudes of 2,000-3,000 meters. Farming has become an important activity in the area; terraced farms produce rice.Corn and wheat. The Kathmandu Valley, a stretch of green in the middle of the Mahabharata is home to Nepal’s capital and other historic cities.History and PeopleWhile there is evidence that Nepal was inhabited in prehistoric times, there has been little archeological research on early indigenous people. In the 8th century BC,migrants from India settled in the region were further consolidated by the Licchavi Dynasty (300-900 AM). Who introduced Hindu traditions and culture (including the caste system). By the 13th century, three kingdoms, all under the control of the Malla Dynasty, dominated the Kathmandu Valley. Over the next five hundred years, the Malla rulers proved to be important patrons of the arts, building elaborately-decorated temples and places that survive to this day. Throughout the country from outside invaders. The Himalayas provided an impenetrable boundary to the north, while endemic malaria in the Terai kept out attacks from the south.
Nepal’s kingdoms were unified in 1769 by Prithvi Narayan Shah, an ancestor of Nepal’s present-day king. Inspired by India’s independence, a nationalist movement grew in Nepal in the 1940’s, but the king remained in control of the country. It was not until 1991 that a new constitution was introduced and multiparty elections were held for the time.Nepal’s 18 million inhabitants belong to dozens of different ethnic groups. They can be divided roughly into Hindus, who live in mountain villages close to Tibet. Hindus, who make up 90 percent of the population, dominate political and religious life. But Buddhism has a special connection to Nepal. Siddhartha Gautama, who was later revered as the Buddha, was born in the Terai in 543 BC. Perhaps the most well-known Buddhist ethnic groups are the Sherpa, who have long been associated with Himalayan mountaineering expeditions. The vast majority of Nepal’s population makes a living from subsistence agriculture.The Himalayas stretch across the northern section of Nepal. Eight of the ten highest peaks in the world are located here, and most are covered with permanent snowfields. The area is sparsely populated, with little vegetation above the tree-line (4,200 meters).The climate varies considerably with elevation. May to October monsoon season, when rain soaks the terai and snow falls on the Himalayan peaks. Mid –October to mid- December is prime mountaineering weather; the skies are clear and sunny, temperatures range warm in the lowlands to crisp in the mountains. March and April are also good months for mountain treks, although temperatures in Kathmandu and the Terai tend to be steamy.Passports and VisasIn most cases, visiting Nepal requires a valid passport and visa with an exception for visitors from India and China- which do not need a passport or visa. British, Australian, Canadian, USA and European Union nationals may apply for a visa on arrival in Kathmandu at the Department of Immigration. However, all visitors should check with their travel agent for current visa requirements. Most visas are valid for sixty days for the first visit. Subsequent visits in the same year may be restricted to thirty days. An application for a visa extension may be made.AccommodationsTourism provides a significant source of income for Nepal and a wide variety of accommodation ensures that travelers will find what they need within their price range. Most of Nepal’s world-class luxury hotels are located in Pokhara and Kathmandu, catering to the every need of the discerning traveler and business person, while providing a base from which to explore the surroundings in day trips. Health spas and yoga retreats are also popular among city-dwelling holiday-makers looking for a break from the hustle and bustle of modern living. Mid-range and budget hotels are plentiful throughout Nepal, while families in remote areas welcome visitors into their homes to live as one of the family for the duration of their stay – an option which fits in well with trekking expeditions.
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